Lithium Niobate Photonic Integrated Circuits

Monolithic integrated photonic circuit for frequency comb generation and manipulation. The availability of lnoi wafers has sparked significant interest in the platform for integrated optical applications as lnoi offers the attractive material.

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Lithium niobate photonic integrated circuits. Paulson school of engineering and applied sciences seas have developed a technique to fabricate high performance optical microstructures using lithium niobate opening the door to ultra efficient integrated photonic circuits quantum photonics microwave to optical. But it is notoriously difficult to fabricate high quality devices on a small scale using lithium niobate an obstacle that has so far ruled out practical integrated on chip applications. The technology of such devices is called integrated optics.

Pfeiffer nicolas volet michael zervas jon d. Lithium niobate ln was once considered the most promising of materials for integrated optics but despite a rich set of properties the technology of ln integrated optics has not evolved as much as integrated optics in iii v semiconductors and silicon si photonics. Integrated lithium niobate ln photonic circuits have recently emerged as a promising candidate for advanced photonic functions such as high speed modulation nonlinear frequency conversion and frequency comb generation.

A a false colour scanning electron microscope sem image showing a fabricated lithium niobate nanophotonic circuit that consists of a microresonator frequency comb generator x 3 and an electro optically tuneable add drop filter x 2. For practical applications optical interfaces that feature low fiber to chip coupling losses are essential. An ideal photonic integrated circuit for nonlinear photonic applications requires high optical nonlinearities and low loss.

Kippenberg and john e. Lithium niobate on insulator lnoi technology is revolutionizing the lithium niobate industry enabling higher performance lower cost and entirely new devices and applications. Heterogeneous integration of lithium niobate and silicon nitride waveguides for wafer scale photonic integrated circuits on silicon lin chang martin h.

Integrating lithium niobate ln modulators with other functions on a single optical chip has proven difficult until the development of thin film ln which has enabled the development of silicon integrated photonic chips including ln modulators that can operate at very low voltage and at high speed. Photonic integrated circuits are usually fabricated with a wafer scale technology involving lithography on substrates often called chips of silicon silica or a nonlinear crystal material such as lithium niobate linbo 3. Stanton yifei li tobias j.

Lithium niobate based photonic integrated circuits for reconfigurable sensing and signal processing. This work demonstrates a heterogeneous platform by bonding lithium niobate ln thin films onto a silicon nitride si 3 n 4 waveguide layer on silicon.

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